Mario Sánchez, Universidad de Concepción, Chile
Armando Valenzuela, Comisión Chilena del Cobre, Chile
Edita Vircikova, Technical University Košice, Eslovaquia
ISBN 956-8029-58-3 Año 2004 - 167 páginas
PART I - Copper Production and Environmental Management
(Mario Sánchez - Armando Valenzuela)
Introduction
World Copper Industry Survey • Primary and Secondary Copper Production
Primary
Secundary
• Market
• Primary Production Processes
Environmental Regulations and Normative Trends • Air Regulations and Standards
Sulfur Dioxide and Particulate Matter
Arsenic
• Effluent Discharge Limits
• World Bank Emission Guidelines
• Voluntary Initiatives on Cleaner Production
The Accelerated Reduction and Elimination of Toxic (ARET) Program in Canada
Frame Agreement on Cleaner Production in Chilean Mining Sector
• Mine Closure
• Copper and Sustainable Development
Characterization of Processes • Main Effluents (hydrometallurgical and pyrometallurgical processes)
The Chilean Case
• Health and Safety in Metallurgical Plants
Toxicity Hazard
Toxicity of Metals
Abatement Technologies • Environmental Management
• Mining and Mineral Beneficiation
• Hydrometallurgy
• Pyrometallurgy and Electrorefining
• Tailings Disposal and Effluent Treatment
Pollution Prevention Practices
Pollution Control Techniques
• Sulfur Dioxide, Particulate Matter and Arsenic Management
Arsenic Management
Arsenic Recovery
Arsenic Disposal
• Small-Scale Mining Technology
• Efficient Use of Resources
• Mine Closure Considerations
Timing
Integrated Mine Closure
Specific Mine Closure Approaches
Post Closure Activities
Unforeseen Circumstances
Total Project Development • Concept and Examples
PART II - Best Available Techniques/Technologies in the
Copper Production
(Edita Vircikova)
Applied Processes and Techniques to Produce Copper and its
Alloys from Primary and Secondary Raw Materials • Primary copper
The pyrometallurgical route
The hydrometallurgical route
• Secondary copper production
Secondary smelting slage
Converting, fire refining, slag treatment and electro-refining, processing of pure alloy scrap
• Wire-rod production
Emission Data • Emissions to air Carbon monoxide
Dust and Metal compounds
Organic carbon compounds
Dioxins and furans
Sulphur dioxide
Nitrogen oxides
Summary of air emissions
• Emissions to water
Suspended solids and metal compounds
Oil
• By-products, process residues and wastes
Techniques to Consider in the Determination of BAT • Materials storage, handling and pre-treatment processes
Primary raw materials
Secondary raw materials
• Primary smelting processes
• Sulphur dioxide removal
• Secondary smelting processes
• Converting
Primary copper converters
Secondary copper converters
• Fire refining
• Electro-refining
• Slag treatment processes
• Hydrometallurgical processes
• Copper wire-rod
• Ingots, tubes and semi-finished products
• Fume/gas collection and abatement
• Process control and management
• Wastewater
• Processes residues
Best Available Techniques • Materials handling storage
• Process selection
Primary copper smelting
Secondary copper smelting
Primary and secondary converting
• Gas collection and abatement
Emissions to air associated with the use of BAT
• Wastewater
• Processes residues
• Emerging technologies
Costs associated with the Best Available Techniques
International Regulations
Contacto
Departamento de Ingeniería Metalúrgica
Universidad de Concepción
Edmundo Larenas 285 Casilla 53-C
Concepción - Chile
Fono 56-41-2204241 Fax 56-41-2243418
e-mail: tpedrero@udec.cl
