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BOOK

The New Universe

Fixed by the Equivalence Principle

and Properties of light

 

(A unified base for Astro-Particle-Physics). 

 

Rafael A. Vera

(1997)

(Ediciones Universidad de Concepción, Universidad de Concepción. Chile)

rvera@udec.cl

                                                 Casilla 2407 , Correo 3, Concepción. Chile

 

 Table of Contents:

1.    INTRODUCTION  TO A MORE GENERAL PRINCIPLE OF PHYSICS

 

1.1  A Brief Review on Relativity Concepts

1.2 What is Certain and Uncertain in General Relativity

1.3 The First Steps of this Theory

1.4 The more Explicit Equivalence Principle from Michelson-Morley   Experiments

1.5 The Global work

2.    CONSERVATION LAWS BASED ON LIGHT PROPERTIES

 

2.1 Local Relativity

2.2 The Michelson-Morley Experiments

2.2.1 A simplified version of the MM Experiment

2.3 The More Explicit Equivalence Principle (EEP)

2.3.1 The Particle Model

2.4 Nonlocal Relativity in Gravitational Fields

2.4.1 Atomic clocks and basic local standards

2.5 Conservation Laws from Wave Continuity

2.5.1 Wave continuity

2.5.2 Wave’s number conservation

2.5.3 Nonlocal frequency conservation

2.6 Single Quantum Properties

2.6.1 The quantum energy

2.6.2 The quantum wavelets

2.6.3 NL conservation laws for radiation in conservative fields

2.6.4 The quantum dual vector vectors

2.6.5 The quantum unit systems

 

3. RELATIVISTIC QUANTUM MECHANICS OF THE PARTICLE MODEL

 

3.1 Nonlocal Mass-Energy Conservation

3.2 Quantum Vector conservation

3.2.1 Electromagnetic interactions with the particle model

3.3 Quantum Mechanical Waves

3.3.1 Transversal model orientation

3.4 Some Quantum Mechanical Differential Equations

4.   THE GRAVITATIONAL FIELD

 

4.1 The Space Perturbation Rate

4.2 The Long Range Gravity Field

4.2.1 The energy dilemmas in gravitational fields

4.2.2 The no exchange law, from gedanken experiments

4.2.3 The no energy exchange law from real experiments

4.2.4 Main differences with conventional theories

4.2.5 Why these kinds of errors persist in the literature?

4.3 The Nonlocal Changes occurring During a Free Fall

5.   THE NONLOCAL FIELD EQUATION

 

5.1 Gravity Potential Changes

5.2 The main NL gradients in a G field

5.3 The Nonlocal Field Potential

5.3.1 The NL field equation fixed by the Explicit Equivalence Principle

5.3.2 Velocities and accelerations in free orbits and falls

5.4 Gravitational Refraction and Angular Momentum Conservation

6.   CORRESPONDENCES WITH PHYSICS AND EXPERIMENTS

 

6.1 Correspondence with Fundamental Physics

6.2 Quantum Mechanical Tests

6.3 Gravitational Tests

6.3.1 Correspondence with Conventional Gravity Theories

6.3.2 Gravitational Time Dilation

6.3.3 Gravitational redshift of nonlocal light sources

6.3.4 Gravitational refraction

6.3.5 Time delay of radar echoes from planets or space probe

6.3.6 Planet orbits and the perihelion shift of planets

6.3.7 The non delectability of Gravity Waves

6.4 Cosmic Tests

7     STRONG GRAVITATIONAL FIELDS AND THE NEW KIND OF BLACK HOLE

 

7.1 Photon Orbits in Strong Fields

7.2 black hole Properties

7.2.1 Gravitational energy conversion done by macro nuclei

7.2.2 Cosmic ray generation

7.2.3 Cosmic jets and pulsed radiation’s

7.2.4 The entropy switches

7.3  Cosmic Jets and Rays as Crucial Tests for Linear Gravity

Cosmic ray test I.

Cosmic ray test II

Cosmic ray test III

Cosmic ray test IV

Quasar and Cosmic Jet tests

 

8.   THE NEW UNIVERSE FIXED BY THE EQUIVALENCE PRINCIPLE

 

8.1 The Current Cosmological Models

8.2 Particle Expansion Vs Universe Expansion

8.3 The Average Density of the Universe

9. THE NEW KIND OF STATIONARY STATE OF THE UNIVERSE

 

9.1 The new global context

9.2 The new kind energy source in some stars

9.3 The “small bangs” in the universe

9.4 The new ways of formation of celestial bodies

9.4.1 The birth of new satellites or planets

9.4.2 The Formation of Planetary Systems

9.5 The New Kind of Stellar Evolution

9.5.1 The color-luminosity or HR diagram

9.5.2 Evolution of two kinds of Stars

a) The proton rich stars

b) Neutron rich stars

9.5.3 The new kind of heterogeneous star

9.5.4 Stellar collapses and oscillations.

9.5.5 Rather naked neutron stars

9.6 The new way for star cluster formation

9.6.1 The age dilemma

9.7 A galaxy cycle

9.7.1 The end of a luminous period of a galaxy

9.7.2 The black period of a galaxy

9.7.3 The birth of a new luminous galaxy

9.7.4 The new luminous period of a galaxy

9.7.5 The “Noisy Quasars”, the ends of the luminous

9.7.6 The quasar dilemma (Quasar gravity tests)

9.7.7 Black galaxy evolution

9.8    Larger scale structures

9.9   The low temperature cosmic background

 

10.  THE NEW KIND OF STAR MODEL

 

10.1 The energy yield of the main sequence star model

10.2 The low neutrino luminosity of the Sun

10.3 The Mass-Luminosity relationship of main sequence Stars

10.4 The role of neutron stripping in astrophysics

10.5 The growth of neutron dtars

11.  CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSIONS

 

11.1 The General form of the Equivalence Principle

11.2 Nonlocal Relativity

11.3 General physical laws derived from general properties of light

11.4 Physical Tests

11.4.1 Conservation laws

11.4.2 Special Relativity

11.4.3 Quantum Mechanics

11.4.4 Gravity

11.4.5 Other gravitational tests

11.5The main advantages of the Nonlocal Relativity

11.6 The role of the Linear Black Holes in the evolution of the Universe

11.7 Some Differences with Conventional Theories

11.8 The New Cosmological Outline

11.8.1 The new kind of stationary state of the universe

11.8.2 The new model of formation of star clusters and planetary systems

11.8.3 The new model of evolution of galaxies

11.8.4 The new kind energy source in the universe.

11.8.5 The new kind of stellar model

11.8.6 The low temperature cosmic radiation background

11.9 The “time arrows” in nature

11.10 The Role of the Wavelets in the Universe

11.10.1 Wavelets with random and coherent phases

11.10.2  Coherent wavelets “in phase”

11.10.3 The wavelets and some fundamental dilemmas in physics

11.10.4 Some probable components of the Hubble wavelet redshift

11.10.5  The observed redshifts

11.10.6 The cosmological uncertainty principle

11.11 The Dilemma of the Origin of the Universe

 

12 THE MAN IN THE UNIVERSE

 

12.1 The Human Evolution in the Universe

 

13. Acknowledgment and APPENDIXES

      APPENDIX A:

           The Particle Model Mechanical Waves

           Particle model moving longitudinally

       APPENDIX B:

            Nonlocal mass-energy-frequency conservation from experiments

            Self-consistency test for the gravity tests

        APPENDIX C:

            Nonlocal Forces in Gravity

14. ILLUSTRATIONS.

15. REFERENCES

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